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Iraq

Policy Analysis on Iraq

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An Iraqi member of a Shia PMF militia
Brief Analysis
Removing All Militias From Baghdad’s International Zone
Iran-backed PMF units shot first in the latest showdown, so they should hardly be the ones left in charge of security in the government center.
Aug 31, 2022
◆
  • Michael Knights
Sadrist protestors, Republic Palace, Baghdad, August 29, 2022
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Militias Show Message Discipline During Sadrist Clashes
Centralized direction was evident as "resistance" outlets carried out their (apparently successful) public relations campaign to claim the moral high ground.
Aug 30, 2022
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
muqtada al sadr
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Will the Sadrists Succeed in Effecting Regime Change in Iraq?
New polling reveals how the Iraqi public views Baghdad’s ongoing political crisis.
Aug 26, 2022
◆
  • Munqith Dagher
U.S. Central Command graphic, Aug 15, 2022 drone attack on Al Tanf
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Kataib Hezbollah's Role in the August 15 al-Tanf Attack
The Syria strike was launched from the militia's bastion in Iraq and used Iranian-provided KAS-04 explosive drones.
Aug 25, 2022
◆
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Articles & Testimony
Biden’s Indifference Has Given Iran the Upper Hand in Iraq
In light of Tehran’s concerted efforts to reverse last year’s electoral setback, it has become too risky to let Baghdad’s nascent democracy simply fend for itself.
Aug 24, 2022
◆
  • David Schenker
mosul iraq
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Turkey Knocks France Out on Mosul Airport Reconstruction Project
Turkey’s involvement in the reconstruction of Mosul Airport could cause problems amidst regional tensions with France and Iran, but it is also emblematic of the growing economic ties between Turkey and Iraq.
Aug 19, 2022
◆
  • Mehmet Alaca
Taees
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Kataib Aimmat al-Baqi
A Diyala-based militia that offered its services to Nouri al-Maliki on a leaked audiotape from July 2022.
Aug 15, 2022
◆
  • May Riad
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Iraq-Sadr
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Navigating the Political Impasse Between Sadrists and the Coordination Framework
10 months after Iraqi elections, intra-Shia feuding between the Sadrist movement and the Coordination Framework has led to several public demonstrations but few viable solutions.
Aug 12, 2022
◆
  • Azhar Al-Rubaie
KRG-Premier-Masrour-Barzani-Esta
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Barzani's Failures on Freedom of Expression in Iraqi Kurdistan
The Kurdish Region of Iraq, rife with economic and security challenges, is witnessing increased censorship and suppression of free speech.
Aug 4, 2022
◆
  • Diary Marif
Dorsin
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Armed with Paintbrushes: Kurdish Female Artists Fighting for Equality
Kurdish women use art as a powerful tool to represent what it means to be a Kurd, a woman, and a human being.
Aug 4, 2022
◆
  • Shilan Fuad Hussain
SCF protests
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Khazali Isolated Over International Zone Protests
The militia leader is being constrained by other members of the Iran-dominated Shia Coordination Framework regarding how to respond to Sadrist protests.
Aug 3, 2022
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Supporters of Iraqi Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr gather during a sit-in, inside the parliament building in Baghdad - source: Reuters
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Iraq’s Two Coups—And How the U.S. Should Respond
Iran’s allies in Iraq mounted a judicial coup at the start of this year. Now, Muqtada al-Sadr is trying to place the system under his control through mob action. U.S.-led friends of Iraq should care about both these developments, not just the most recent one.
Aug 2, 2022
◆
  • Michael Knights
Al-Etejah TV’s documentary featuring Nouri al-Maliki, posted on Al-Etejah’s YouTube channel on April 13, 2021
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Maliki Leaks: The Shadow Culture of Politics in Iraq
The Maliki audio leaks highlight the inherent fragility of Iraqi politicians while offering an insight into the dynastic politics of Iraq.
Aug 2, 2022
◆
  • Sardar Aziz
Supporters of Iraqi Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr gather during a sit-in, inside the parliament building in Baghdad - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
The U.S. Role in Iraq’s Political Crisis: Guidelines for More Effective Engagement
Disengaging after last year’s election was a costly miscalculation, but Washington can still meet its goals in Iraq by diving into the fray and prioritizing the system over individual political preferences.
Aug 1, 2022
◆
  • Bilal Wahab
Ahrar al-Iraq 2
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Liwa Ahrar al-Iraq
This facade group is used to brand militia rocket and drone attacks on Turkish targets in Iraq.
Jul 29, 2022
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
  • Eric Feely
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Turkey’s War in Northern Iraq: By the Numbers
Ankara is fighting a lethal and largely hidden counterinsurgency against PKK elements across the border, but the conflict’s rising profile may carry high costs for both U.S. interests and Iraqi sovereignty.
Jul 28, 2022
◆
  • Michael Knights
Sabereen News threat to Istanbul - cropped
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Claiming Without Claiming: Iraqi Militia Responses to Turkish Attacks
Sabereen News has been operating as the clearinghouse for coverage of "resistance" strikes on Turkish targets, nodding to specific facade groups and hinting at future attacks inside Turkey.
Jul 22, 2022
◆
  • Michael Knights
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Political Opposition in Iraq: Between Reform and Regime Change
Iraq’s model of opposition traditionally focuses on ideological frameworks and regime change at the expense of working within the political system to effect change.
Jul 11, 2022
◆
  • Abbas Abboud Salem
Iran's Arabic media sites and personalities in Arab countries
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
The Revolution Will Be Televised in Arabic:
Iran's Media Infrastructure Abroad
An umbrella entity, the Islamic Radio and Television Union, encompasses more than two hundred media groups stretching from Oman to East Africa.
Jun 30, 2022
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
Iraq-Sadr
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Implications of the Sadrist Withdrawal for the Shia Coordination Framework and Iran
The conflict between the Sadrists and the Shia Coordination Framework signals the potential for a new political order in Iraq and a shift in Iran's influence in the country.
Jun 29, 2022
◆
  • Firas Elias

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The Washington Institute's Rubin Family Arab Politics Program focuses on social, political, and economic developments in the Arab world, with an emphasis on the Arab countries of the Levant.

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Featured experts

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt is the Kahn Fellow and director of The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program.
Michael Knights
Michael Knights
Michael Knights is the Jill and Jay Bernstein Fellow of The Washington Institute, specializing in the military and security affairs of Iraq, Iran, and the Persian Gulf states. He is a co-founder of the Militia Spotlight platform, which offers in-depth analysis of developments related to the Iranian-backed militias in Iraq and Syria.
Bilal Wahab
Bilal Wahab
Bilal Wahab is the Nathan and Esther K. Wagner Fellow at The Washington Institute.
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