آنا بورشچفسکایا

The Russian leader defied expectations of a quixotic, costly outcome for his country’s 2015 intervention in Syria. As it actually played out, explains Anna Borshchevskaya in her recently published book, Russia leveraged the conflict and U.S. inaction to position itself as a leading power in the Middle East.

مسکو بارها بازیگران سوریه را در مقابل هم به بازی گرفته تا منافع خود را تامین کند و رژیم اسد را در قدرت نگهدارد.

In September 2015, Moscow made its first push outside former Soviet borders when it authorized airstrikes in Syria. More pertinently

Explore the subtle strategies, including information manipulation, that Moscow is using to expand Russian influence in the Middle East.

Since becoming president in 2000, Vladimir Putin has reinvigorated Russia's Middle East ties, a trend underscored by his bold military

This collection of essays by Washington Institute experts explores how the United States can work with--or, in some cases, around--the